Ship&#39;s rigging



' 1,642,716 Sept. 20,1927. A. BENTZEN SHIPS RIGGING Filed Aug. 22, 19253 Sheets-Sheet l xNvENTR @non en 2:5112

ATroRNEYs ep 27 A'. BENTZEN 1,642,716

s'HIPs RIGGING ATTORNEYS Patented sept. i 2o, 1927.

I `Aix-Noir ',BENT'ZEN; oF NEW YORK. N; VY.

sirrrsA mesme.

Aplpncanon'led August-22, 1925. senil No. 51,830.

. This invention k'relates''to-sailing vessels and has particularreference to an improved rigw ging therefor. 1

' The ii'iventi'on consists'in an improved rig- 5 ging' forvfore-and"-a'ft"` sailing vessels, particularly' schooners,.andcoinprehends afrigging by means of which a rearrangement of the totalsail areais had, with a view of ob taining better sailing qualit-ieswhen traveling 'to' windward and V'a larger and more effec- I tual sailarea when running before the wind.

" lIt is` a well-known` and 'established' fact that a. le'g-ofmuttonsail is ino-re efficientv and, furthermore, v'that leg-of-mutton sailsYhavetlie advantage thatin'jibbingthere is a less area and1 mass 'ofsail' to swing over from starboard tocport, or vice versa, land hencevthe strain to which the' boom and sheets are subjected, is minimized.lt"is,'ho\vever,A

. obvious vthat there' is ajloss of sail area in a,

leg-oflmutton sail over a' gaif sailg'an'd, therefore, the presentinvention contemplates as a further object, the provision vof animproved upper rigging, which' in'addition to com,-

pensating for this apparent loss, affords an auxiliary or supplementalsail area,the' combinationA of which exceeds the sail area ofagafsail'ig. The invention further-more and more specifically embodiesanv upper rigging'including ayard on eachA finastequipped' with fourtriangular sails'7 namely, two'upper top-sails and' two.lowerfyardrsailis,1 one of reach of which is l respectivel'y disposed'to *starboard l vand po'rt,"whe1e`by the'advantag'e of'v'h'aving atotal increased'sail areadistri'buted amongvv a 4greater number 0fsmaller sails`V isV obtained,

thus rendering the liaiidliingofthe rig'easier 4oV and necessitating asmaller crew'in yproportion'to the total sail area. I 'j y vFurther.Aobjects and advantages derived from the improved rigging reside inthe'at taining of a greater and more efficient driving power when travelingtowind'ward for the-reason that yards can .be braced farther around than`in a square rigged ship; but due to the employment fof" a. largernumber yof smaller sails, the same can beheldmore 5 firmly tothe wirerope stays, :thus affording an. excellent opportunity tojgain the vbestdriving: force therefrom.

,v Thefparticular rigging" furthermore affords an unusually large amountof cutting edge, and as soon as thewind has exerted its full forcevagainst.` the triangular top and yard sails ofvwhiclr it is composed,it passes' awayy at the leech without interfering with the lu'if ofthenext'adjacent sail.

The' inventionl Jfurthermore embodies an improved ri-gging'which affordsa larger sail area for light orstrong winds, which area is more` readilyadjustable as welll as steadier, and more effeetu'ally ldistributed asia storm.- rig; a rigging which is easier handled` due' to the fact thatwhen tackling thelnecessity oflowering' the topsa-ils'is obviated;Aanii'pperrigginglprovided withl means for facilitating the furlingv orun-furling, thereby entailin'gl economy intime and labor, and riggingwhich is comparatively simple, inexpensive and eiiicient.

W'ith the aboverecited and other objects in'`l view, reference isliad tothe following specification, and drawings, in which therey is' exhibitedone example yor embodiment of the invention which is in no Wayinten'dedfas a `limit-ation upon .the scope of the appended claims as itisto beclearly understood that variations andv modifications whichproperly fall within the scope of saidclaims may be resorted to whenfound expedient.

In the d an/ings- Figure l is a perspective view of a shipvk rigged inaccordance with the invention and illustrating' the sails fullyset; fFig. 2 i's a fragmentary perspective view of the rigging at the junctureofthe main or lower' mast Witlr'the topmast; 4 1 1. y Fig. 3' isasimilar view vof the upper por#` tion of the topmast'; 'V

Fig. 4 is aj` front vfew of the upper rigging with. the sailsunfnrled';`

' Fig. 5 is a Similar view ill'ustratling'cerr tain of the sailsunfurled and others par` tallylunfurled.

{eferring to the drawings by characters iofreference, 410 designatesthe' hull vofa vessel', ll the lovveror mainmast, and" 12 the booms.lWain or boom-sails I3 of the legfoff mutton typev are carriedby themainmast and booms, and, if desired, the' vessellmay be equippedI withj'ib'sy 14. y j

.The invention resides particularly inthe upper rigging, which includesthe topmast 15, the yards 16, a pair oftriangular' shaped starboard' andport topsails 17 and 18,'Y anda pair of triangular 7starboard and portyard'- sails19 and 20. The topmast l5 is' mounted at its lower `end in'a tooni'ast-step2l and is alsosecuredjaty vertically spaced points byclips 22 and23y tov the top of the lower 'or the topmast 15.

, upper horizontal edge 47 of each yard-sail.`

mainmast. The yard 16 is mounted for horizontal and vertical swingingmovements in a swiveled summit yoke 24 mounted in an eyebracket 25 onthe lower'olip 22. The yard is further supported and braced by verticalst-ay lines 26which extend upwardly and are respectively connected tothe upper and lower topsail stay arms 27 and 28, the tormer beingpivoted for vertical movement at 29 in a hanger 30, which is swiveled at31 in a bracket clip 32 secured ,to the upper end ot The latter lowertopsail stay arm 28 is pivoted at 32 in a stirrup 33 which is swiveledat 34 in an eye-bracket 35 onthe top clip 23. The topsails 17 and 18have their vertical inner edges 36v which form the altitude ot thetriangle, provided withvguide rings 37 threaded upon or embracing thestay-lines 26. The upper end or apex 38 4.of/each sail has connectedthereto a rove halyard 39 trained overan outer block 40 and anintermediate block 41 on the upper ystay arm 27 for the purpose ofraising or unfurling the topsail. The means Jfor spreading the topsailslaterally consists of a spreader-line 36IL connected to the outermostpoint 37 a of each topsail and trained over a guide eye 38a and aroundblocks 39a on the yard 16. l n

ln order to provide means for urling the topsails, a clew-line 42 isconnected at its upper end to the vertical stay line 26, and eachclew-line is trained through the lower guides 43 adjacent the lower edgeot' the sail, and vertically spaced marginal guides 44 lon the outerinclined edge 45 of each topsail. From the uppermost guides 44, thetopsail clew lines 42 extend downwardly to the deck.

, The yard-sails 19 and 20 are suspended from or carried by hoops 46threaded upon the yard 16, said hoops being attached to the Theyard-sails arel hauled outwardly by means of outhaul-lines 48 connectedat their upper ends with the outermost hoops 46 and trained aroundblocks 49 at the outer ends of the' yard 16. The outhaul-lines 48 aretrained around'blocks 50 carriedr adjacent the medial portion oi' theyard 16 from whence they lead to the deck.

` The yard-sails 19 and 2O are hauled inwardly or furled by means ofbuntlines 51 which are connected by bri'dles 52 to' the outer verticaledges 53 of the triangular yard-sails at vertically spaced points. Thebuntlines are trained around blocks 54 atz tached to the verticalshrouds 55 of the maintical rocking movements by yard topping stays 58,which are connected at their opposite ends respectively to an eye 59 onthe topmast 15 and to the outer end of the yard smaller crew can becarried and the diliicult'.

task ot reeting in heavyweather is avoided since the shortenin of thesail can be done entirely by the leads which pass down'from the varioussails to the belaying pinsv on the deck. f

It will be further noted that more driving eliiciency out of the sailspread when going to Windward is obtained, for the reason that' not onlycan the yards be braced further around than in a square rig ship, butthe system oi' employing a plurality of small tri-j' angular sails heldlirmlyto the wind on wire" rope stays, alords an excellent opportunityto obtain the' best driving vforce from these' sails.

It will be further observed` that by positioning the summit yoke wellforward of the;Y

mast, it becomes possible to swing the yard with its sails around andtrim the sails in the most advantageous manner to catch the wind whenthe ship is beating to Windward.

By means of the rigging disclosed'vit is obvious that in a Seaway with alight breeze, top sails may be carried, while the rigging gives alarger, lighter and stronger ".wind sail area, more adjustable toconditions, as well as a steadier and better ydistributed storm rig. Inrunning before the wind, it will be seen that the rigging, due to theadditional triangular yard-sail and vtopsail, gives practically the sameamount of canvas as a gal' sailrwhile the remainingytopsail andyard-sail, afford two extra sails, thereby increasing the total sailarea.

The aforementioned advantages are all compared with a schooner which thepresent rig resembles the most.v

If desired, power for hoisting' the sails may be employed without in anyway departing from the scope of the invention.

What is claimed is: y 'v l 1. A ships rigging, including a. leg-ofmuttonmainsail, starboard and port topsails, and triangular dependingstarboard and port yard-sails, each'having the vertical edges vdisposedoutwardly and the inclined edges inwardly. i y Y g 2. In a shipsrigging, the combination with a leg-of-mutton mainsail, a pair oftopsails anda pair of yard-sails, each Vdisposed respectively on theport and starboard sides of the topmast, a yard arm from which saidtopsails and yard-sails are supported, and

means of connection between theyard arm and mast to permit of relativehorizontal and vertical swinging movements of said yard arm. f t.

3. A ships rigging, includingv a mainmast, a topmast, a yard armsupported from the mainmast for horizontal and vertical swingingmovements, a mainsailsupported from the mainmast, starboard and porttop` sails supported from the yard arm, and topmast, and dependingstarboard and port yard-sails supported from the yard arm, each of saidyardsails having the vertical edges disposed outwardly and the inclinedledges inwardly.

4l. The combination with a sailing vessel leg-of-mutton main-sails, of ato-p rig including a topmast, a yard arm mounted for vertical andhorizontal swinging movement, triangular starboard and port topsails,and triangular depending starboard and port yard-sails having straightouter and upper edges and angular inner edges.

5. In a o-re-and-aft rigged vessel, including leg-ot-mutton mainsails,boom and mast supporting the same, and a top rigging including atopmast, a yard arm connected to the mast for horizontal and verticalswinging movements, upper and lower yard stay arms connected to theto'pmast for horizontal and vertical swinging movement, a connectionbetween the free ends of the yard stay arms a-nd the yard arms, means ofconnection between the reevends of the yard arm and the topmast forlimiting the vertical swinging movement thereof, triangular port andstarboard top sails, triangular depending port and starboard yard sails,means for raising and lowering the topsails, andmeans for spreading andcontracting the topsails.

6. In a fore-and-aft rigged vessel, including leg-of-mutton mainsails,boom and mast supporting the same, and a top rigging including atopmast, a yard arm connected to the mast f or horizontal and verticalswinging movements, up er and lower yard stay arms connected to tiietopmast for horizontal and vertical swinging movements, a connectionbetween the free ends of the yard stay arm and the yard arm, means ofconnection between the free ends of the yard arm and the topmast forlimiting the vertical swinging movement thereof, triangular port andstarboard topsails, triangular depending port and starboard yard-sails,means for raising and lowering the topsails, and means for spreading andcontracting the topsails, said firstmentioned means comprising rovehalyard-s conneetel with the upper ends of the topsails, said lattermeans comprising clewlines connected at their upper ends with thevertical staylines, guides on the topsails through which the clew-linesare trained, and guide means on theI upper yard stay arms throughr whicht-he remainder of the clew-lines are trained and led to the deck.

` AANON BENTZEN.

